One in six people worldwide suffer from brain stroke

New Delhi/Bhopal: One in six people worldwide suffer from stroke and 80% of brain strokes are preventable .According to the World Health Organization, stroke is one of the leading causes of death globally. In India, it is among the top causes of mortality and disability, with prevalence rates estimated at 262 per 100,000 in rural areas and 424 per 100,000 in urban areas.

Men are twice as vulnerable as women, and one in seven stroke patients are between 30 and 50 years old.

A higher incidence of brain stroke among the youngsters is on the rise. Even working professionals as young as 30 or 35 are seen suffering from a brain stroke.
The sedentary lifestyle behind their desks, which does not allow for much physical activity, and undetected hypertension caused by workplace stress are major risk factors.

Brain stroke occurs when blood supply to the brain is reduced or blood vessels leak due to underlying risk factors. Common risk factors include high blood pressure, diabetes, smoking, alcohol, obesity, cardiac problems, and genetics. Typical symptoms include sudden limb weakness, facial drooping, difficulty speaking, imbalance, vomiting, or sudden loss of consciousness.

If someone experiences sudden face drooping, arm weakness, or speech difficulty, visit a hospital immediately.
Many strokes occur silently due to small blood clots, gradually leading to memory loss, cognitive decline, slurred speech, headaches, numbness, or difficulty in walking.
“Silent strokes can be detected through routine scans.

Early recognition and timely intervention are critical. Many patients waste crucial time visiting small trauma centres or hospitals where advanced facilities are not available. Stroke management requires a multispeciality approach, with neurologists, interventional radiologists, critical care specialists, and rehabilitation teams working together for timely and better outcomes.

It is to be noted that the first four hours after a stroke represent the “golden window” for treatment. During this time, clot-busting therapy or mechanical thrombectomy can restore blood flow and minimise brain damage. Missing this window, however, can lead to irreversible injury and permanent disability.

Advice & Diagnosis : Individuals over 40, or those who consume alcohol or smoke after 30, should regularly monitor their blood pressure and blood sugar levels. Modern diagnostic tests such as carotid doppler scans can also help detect cholesterol deposits in blood vessels early, allowing preventive action before a major stroke occurs.
If a stroke is suspected, every minute counts — prompt hospital care, brain scans, clot-busting medications, or stent procedures can prevent permanent disability. Regular health checks, exercise, balanced diet, and lifestyle modifications are the keys to preventing both visible and silent strokes.

*Dr. Narresh Purohit-MD, DNB, DIH, MHA, MRCP(UK), is an Epidemiologist, and Advisor-National Communicable Disease Control Program of Govt. of India, Madhya Pradesh and several state Health organizations.    He’s  the Principle Investigator – Association of Studies In Behavioural Science),               Dr. Purohit is also Advisor-National Mental Health Program .