Motto of Today: ‘True leadership is defined by results not by attributes.’

This is Your Day-TODAY: Take a Determined Step Forward and Make History!  

On this day, Sept. 13….

1500 – Predro Álvares Cabral and his Portuguese expedition arrive in Calicut

1826 – The first rhinoceros to be exhibited in the U.S. was shown at Peale’s Museum and gallery of the Fine Arts in New York City. An advertisement described, “its body and limbs are covered with a skin so hard and impervious that he fears neither the claws of the tiger nor the proboscis of the elephant. It will turn the edge of a scimitar and even resist the force of a musket ball.”

1833 – The first imported shipment of ice arrived in Calcutta, India, from Boston, U.S. in the specially insulated hold of the Clipper Tuscany. The ice, in 2 – 3 cu. ft. blocks, had been cut from local lakes in winter, and stored since then. The entrepreneur was Fredric Tudor, an ice merchant of Boston. (During the over four-month voyage, about 80 tons was lost, but in the Indian unit of weight, the amount that arrived was about 3,000 maund. It was priced at four annas per seer. At first sales were disappointing, until the local residents became accustomed to this novelty for cooling drinks. India became a profitable export market for Tudor for over two decades).

1845 – Faraday Effect was discovered.

1849 – 1st U.S. prize fight fatality (Tom McCoy).

1899 – The first American automobile fatality resulted when Henry H. Bliss was run over as he alighted from a streetcar in New York City. He stepped into the path of an approaching horseless carriage driven by Arthur Smith. (The first pedestrian in the world to die after being struck by a car was Bridget Driscoll, on 17 Aug 1896, on the grounds of Crystal Palace, London. She was struck by a car giving demonstration rides, and died minutes later of head injuries. On 12 Feb1898, the first car-driver crash fatality was businessman Henry Lindfield whose speeding car ran into a tree at Purley, Surrey).

1906 – 1st airplane flight in Europe.

1922 – 136.4 °F (58 °C), the world’s highest shade temperature was—purportedly—recorded at the African village of Al Aziziyah, about 25 miles south of Tripoli, Libya. Although for 90 years the iconic record remained accepted, in Jan 2012, after scrutiny of the original data logs, the World Meteorological Organisation decided it was, in fact, clearly invalid. Modern improvements in analysis found the data inconsistent with other regional measurements. Also, the log showed a change of observer from 11 Sep 1922, who, by inexperience of the specific model of thermometer used had likely read the wrong end of the indicator slide, resulting in a difference of 7ºC. (The accepted record is now 134 ºF (56.7 ºC) on 10 Jul 1913 at Greenland Ranch in Death Valley, California).

1940 – A German raider had dropped five high explosive bombs Buckingham Palace. The Royal chapel, inner quadrangle, Palace gates, and the Victoria memorial were all hit by the bombs. Four members of the Palace staff were injured, one of whom would die.

1970 – IBM announces System 370 computer.

1971 – World Hockey Association forms.

1992 – Indian Union government decides to form a National Human Rights Commission.

2000 – Indian Central Government withdraws the ban on use of non-iodised salt despite protests from the medical community and several state governments.

2013 – Bharatiya Janata Party names Narendra Modi as their leader in the next general election.

2021 – Israeli Prime Minister Naftali Bennett makes first official visit to Egypt in a decade for talks with President Abdul Fattah al-Sisi in Sharm el-Sheikh.

Born….

1973 – Mahima Chaudhry, actor.

RIP….

1984 – Swami Brahmanand. He established Brahmanand Inter College (1938), Brahmanand Sanskrit Mahavidyalaya (1943) and Brahmanand Mahavidyalaya (1960). He joined the freedom movement and participated in Salt Satyagraha, Non Cooperation Movement and Quit India Movement.

1997 – Grieving India lays to rest Mother Teresa in state funeral in Calcutta in which pomp and splendour is combined with religious rites.

You may have known….
The night of January 20 is “Saint Agnes’s Eve”, which is regarded as a time when a young woman dreams of her future husband.

Good morning. Have a nice day.

{Compiled by Lt. Col. (R) Raj Kadyan)}